Lemon/Lime Marshmallows & A Brief History of Lemons and Limes


Lemons and limes are considered the most useful of all fruits and thought to be native to Southeast Asia and India, and though written and archeological evidence do not point directly to its origin, the earliest written work is an Indian medical work from 100 CE. This work refers to both the lemon and the lime as “jambira”. Throughout history is is difficult to separate the complicated story of both fruits, The early Arabians used two words when referring to both fruits.
They were introduced into Assyria, where they were discovered by soldiers serving Alexander the Great, who took them back to Greece. The lemon later reached the Mediterranean after the Romans discovered a direct sea route from the southern end of the Red Sea to India. The Arabs were largely responsible for the cultivation of the fruit in the Mediterranean region. By the beginning of the 4th century CE, a fully indigenous orchard production had been established in southern Europe. The lemon flourished in Sicily, Spain, and parts of northern Africa, as well as the Mediterranean, which are still the main sources of the fruit for Europe. Some believe that this Mediterranean lemon may actually be a hybrid of the citron, India lime, and pummelo.
Early attempts to grow limes in Mediterranean countries were not successful because they were not hardy enough; but they do very well in Egypt, where they are more plentiful than lemons. Although limes will ripen to an yellow-orange color if left on the tree, they are always picked "green", possibly to distinguish them from the lemon. Limes are also widely grown in the West Indies, where the British Navy came to gather supplies to supplement their sailors' rations to help prevent scurvy. The Famous "Limehouse", in London's docks, takes its name from the warehouses where the fruit was stored after arriving from the West Indies. Unlike lemons, limes will grow in tropical regions and are an essential ingredient in South-East Asian, Mexican, Latin American, and Caribbean cooking.
Tahiti, Bearss lime, Persian lime (C. latifolia) cannot tolerate frost or cold and is mainly an ornamental variety, with fragrant blossoms and dense green foliage. The fruit is larger and oval, with a thin green rind that encases a pale green, seedless flesh. There is plenty of very acidy juice that has a tang to it of black pepper. It has been cultivated continuously in California since 1875, and is the most valuable lime for West Coast growers. It probably originated as a hybrid between the common lime and the citron. It is called Persian lime, even though it is not known in Iran, but probably came by way of there at one time, and Tahiti lime because it reached the US via that country. The Tahiti lime comes in two varieties, both grown in California: Persian, which is oval and the size of an egg, and the Bearss, which is seedless and larger than the Persian, and the only lime now cultivated in the US. Both turn greenish-yellow when mature, but have the best flavor when they are green.
Limes are most prominent in the tropical regions while lemons tend to do best in the subtropical regions. The lime, in its very acidic form, will have one and one-half times as much acid as a lemon of the same weight; but there are various kinds of limes, including sweet ones. There are three basic types of lime: Tahitian, Mexican, and Key limes. Tahitian limes are large, with a pale, finely-grained pulp and a very acidic flavor. Mexican limes are smaller, with bright green skins and a very aromatic flavor. Key limes are closely related to the Mexican and are a pale yellowish-green fruit, very juicy with a strong, sharp flavor. They are the main ingredient of Florida's Key Lime Pie. Prior to Hurricane Andrew in 1992, 90% of US limes were grown in Florida.
While lemons have been grown in California since the time of the early Spanish missions of the 1730s, it was not until the 1849 gold rush that the lemon was cultivated on a large scale. Since 1950, California produces more lemons than all of Europe combined, amounting to about one-quarter of the world's supply, although many are also grown in Arizona. Other leading producers include Italy, Spain, Argentina, Greece, and Turkey.
Today, lemons and limes are used in all types of culinary delights from salads, to soups, to main dishes, and desserts. In some cultures the juice of the lime is used to cook meat as in the case of Latin American Ceviches.
We at Split Bean Coffee are proud to introduce March’s Marshmallow Flavor of the Month – Lemon/Lime. Prepared using only natural ingredients, our marshmallows contain natural lemon and lime oils and juice to produce a wonderful aromatic, tangy, yet sweet product.